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Timeline of the Middle Ages

476 --- The Middle Ages begin as Odoacer deposes the last Roman Emperor.

c.500 --- The legendary King Arthur is said to have led the British in a war against Saxon invaders.

507 --- Clovis leads the Franks to victory over the Visigoths.

525 --- A Christian monk named Dionysius Exiguus publishes an Easter table. The table dates the current year from the birth of Christ.  Dionysius labels this Anno Domani.

[狄奥尼修斯·伊希格斯（470~544）出生于小赛西亚的一位僧侣，以发明了基督纪年而知名。]

我国在1949年正式规定公元纪年。

公历的标准名称为格里高利历，是现在国际通用的历法，是一种阳历。格里高利历为西方的历法，并非中国所创，故又名“西历”(是相对于中历而言)。阳历是太阳历的简称，这种历法与地球环绕太阳的周年运动有关，与月相无关。中国从辛亥革命后即自民国元年采用格里高利历，故又名曰“国历”。为与中国旧有之历相对称，故又名曰“新历”。

622 --- Muhammad and his followers journey from Mecca to Medina in present day Saudi Arabia.

711 --- Jabal Tariq and his army of 10,000 Muslim soldiers invade Spain. Within a decade they will control most of the Iberian Peninsula.

732 --- Charles Martel turns back the Muslim army in present day France.

768 --- Charles Martel's grandson, Charlemagne, become King of the Franks.

793 --- The Vikings attack a British monastery at Lindisfarne.

800 --- Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

874 --- Iceland is settled by Norsemen.

911 --- Rollo begins a Viking settlement in northwestern France that is eventually called Normandy.

1066 --- William the Conqueror（征服者威廉）, Duke of Normandy, invades England and becomes King.

1095 --- Pope Urban II calls the First Crusade.

1187 --- Saladin recaptures Jerusalem.

1215 --- English King John I signs the Magna Carta（大宪章）. This marks one of the first times a medieval ruler is forced to accept limits on his power.

1337 --- England and France begin a series of wars lasting over 117 years.  The era is later called the Hundred Years' War（英法百年战争）.

1348 --- The Black Death（黑死病）takes the lives of as many as a third of the people of Europe.

1439 --- Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press.

[约翰·古腾堡，又译作“古登堡”或“古腾贝格”，德国发明家，约1400年出生于德国美因茨，1468年2月3日逝世于美因茨，是西方活字印刷术的发明人，他的发明导致了一次媒体革命，迅速地推动了西方科学和社会的发展。]